Solar expert-advice, promote the implementation of the Mandarin solar "brick wall" program, you can resolve the rural heating costs, pollution, unsafe, and other challenges.
Hi Wenhua serving the United Nations Industrial Development Organization International Solar Center Director, Director of the natural energy Research Institute, Gansu, China renewable energy Association Vice President, Vice President of China's energy Institute, enjoy special allowance of State Council. Through 30 years of research, Hi Mandarin "brick wall" program to alleviate rural heating of a series of challenges. Hi Wenhua believes that the combination of the new rural construction, now is the promotion of this program.
And cities of central heating, most of the northern countryside to various burning firewood, coal heating, a one has a small fire. The high cost of heating mode, the thermal efficiency is low, even if savings when people, a small stove General a winter down to about 1 ton of coal, and can only be "warm" in a small room.
Moreover, this kind of heating or environmental protection, pollution is serious, and there are security risks. In dingxi, until the 1980s, there were many farmers had to shovel turf heating, causing significant damage local ecosystems. In recent years, although many coal-based, but the resulting pollution heavier, some farmers also suffer from a lack of security knowledge, often of heating a carbon monoxide poisoning incident.
In response to these practical problems, like the Mandarin's view, the use of existing mature solar solar thermal technology, take full advantage of clean, renewable solar heating is a better solution, and make his "solar wall heating (cooling) program". Its core idea is to take full advantage of the architectural Chaoyang Nanli surface, including nanli surface collector wall, air collector, and additional Sun rooms, etc., to collect as much as possible, the solar radiation energy and transform it into heat energy, passed to the Interior for heating purposes.
Popular, "brick wall" that is, building solar house, dongnuanxialiang, energy saving and environmental protection, according to technical design can be divided into active and passive. Including active solar house and general housing increased construction costs compared to about 40% increase in construction costs, passive about 15%-30%, but may save 65%-85% of energy consumption, and has a good environmental and economic benefits.
In 1984, the natural energy in Tibet total design built 9.8 million square meters of passive solar house, only to a total construction area of 1833 .41 square 8, for example, the continuous testing, winter indoor temperature averages 8 degrees centigrade. Gansu natural energy researchers early estimates suggest that a heating period, this 8-Dong Sun room saves heating costs 9 .63-12 $ .85, save Coke 137 .7-188.6 tons, reducing road transport 14.7-19.6 tons/km.
Gansu natural energy resides in zeku County, Qinghai province, the construction of the first solar building is in zeku County middle schools solar teaching building, an area of 2500 square meters, 1997. Although local is cold areas, the coldest in winter up to-30 ° c, but this solar school building in room temperature without auxiliary heat source of up to 5 ° c-15 ℃.
"According to the survey, China need heating regions of the country's total land area of 2/3, building heating is the large energy consumption, energy consumption in China's energy consumption up to 27.5%. "Hi Wenhua said that" If the construction of large promotion of passive solar house, dig a huge energy saving potential. But solar houses policy wide adaptability, in the North for construction, in the South also fit; villas, high-rise buildings fit, also suitable for farmers in the court yard, particularly schools, hospitals, office buildings, building, energy saving, environmental protection, comfort, very prominent. ”
"Brick wall" is technically more sophisticated. Hi Wenhua describes, as early as 1977, 1978, Gansu natural energy Research Institute is established in Gansu province in China respectively, of a passive solar house and active solar house, at present, the Institute has in Gansu, Tibet, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia and other places design built schools, residential, office buildings and other purposes, various heating solar building up to 190 million square meters.
Hi Mandarin also describes, solar thermal industry in China has developed a full suite of proprietary industry chain, from upstream core collector discovery through the lower reaches of the solar collector, air collector, manufacturing, and even the related industrial manufacturing equipment, all in the hands of Chinese enterprises. "And PV industry compared to solar thermal industry less investment, quick, close to people's life, should become China's renewable energy sources, the recent development of key industries. "Hi Wenhua said.
How to accelerate the implementation of a brick wall "program, Hi Mandarin also proposed specific recommendations 10: conscientiously sum up the past few years to promote use of passive solar house lessons; the establishment of sound solar house testing means that the accumulation of first-hand information, and systems; organization of solar house design, construction, use the specifications and construction drawings; building solar house professional design team; developing a solar house design calculation methods and evaluation standards; and local construction approval departmental consultations, developing a number of ways, there are plans to gradually passive solar energy technology will be applied to each of the required heating buildings; the introduction of a quantity of solar energy production professional building insulation materials, and gradually form a solar building materials industry; to establish some pilot solar homes; positive training and guidance, professional solar construction enterprises, ensure truly achieve design effects; legislative, policy, finance, credit, taxation, etc. be given support and incentives.
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